Introduction

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Renal and ureteric interventions are a broad set of interventions involving the kidney and ureter. Broadly, they represent an expanding field in interventional radiology particularly from the embolization and/or oncology standpoint. This collective of procedures involve several technical disciplines of interventions from percutaneous nonvascular oncology procedures, to percutaneous urological procedures, to trans-catheter arterial procedures. Perhaps, the most traditional categories are the percutaneous urological procedures. These procedures are important to master for the interventional radiologist and are vital to institutions and clinical services for which the radiology service collaborates with. These were discussed in, the previous issue, Part I of Renal, Adrenal, and Uretral Interventions.

Management of renal transplant complications (vascular and nonvascular) as well as renal artery embolization for nononcology eitiologies are discussed in the current issue: Part II of Renal, Adrenal, and Uretral Interventions.

Management of renal artery stenosis, atherosclerotic in nature, or due to fibromuscular dysplasia, will be discussed in a subsequent part of the Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology issue titled: Renal, Adrenal, and Ureteric Interventions. Also, in the subsequent issues, the oncology related procedures (renal artery embolization for renal tumors, bowel displacement, and protection techniques during percutaneous ablation of renal tumors, as well as adrenal interventions) will be discussed. Percutaneous renal tumor ablations are discussed in a previous Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology issue titled: Interventional Oncology-Part II: Nonhepatic Oncology Interventions.